In Surah An-Naba (78:6-7), the Quran declares:
"Have We not made the earth a resting place, and the mountains as pegs?"
The Arabic term "awtad" (pegs) evokes structures anchored deep in the ground, like tent pegs. This image corresponds strikingly to what modern geology has discovered: mountains have deep "roots" that extend into the Earth's mantle.
The phenomenon of isostasy, discovered in the 19th century, shows that mountains float on the Earth's mantle with deep roots, like icebergs. Modern seismological studies confirm that mountain ranges extend much deeper below the surface than they rise above it.